Pregnancy

Miscarriage in France

Miscarriage is a subject that isn’t discussed as much as other subjects when it comes to women’s’ care and pregnancy. It happens more often than not, 1 out of 10 women will experience a miscarriage in their time, with an estimated 23 million miscarriages happening globally every year (The Lancet). Typically a miscarriage happens within the first 13-20 weeks of becoming pregnant, most notably within the first trimester (12 weeks). Here I’m going to talk about my experience having a miscarriage in France, the process, and the steps I went through. 

Trigger Warning: Miscarriage

This blog post discusses topics related to miscarriage, as well as my personal account, which may be distressing or triggering for some readers. Please proceed with caution and take care of your mental and emotional well-being. If you find this content difficult, consider seeking support from a trusted friend, family member, or mental health professional.

Some key facts about Miscarriage

A miscarriage happens within the first 22 weeks of becoming pregnant. If you have a miscarriage within the first 13 weeks, this is considered a premature miscarriage and is the most common of cases. Anything that happens after that and up to 20 weeks is considered a late miscarriage. Anything after 20 weeks is considered stillborn.

There are about 15% of pregnancies that will end in a miscarriage, with that number increasing as you get older. There is no sure sign you are having a miscarriage. In most cases, which was what happened in mine, as that at an ultrasound with the midwife, she did not find any cardiac activity. From there, I was given a prescription to have a blood test to test my Beta-hCG levels every 2-3 days and an appointment to come back in a week’s time for another ultrasound. 

There are many possible reasons as to why a miscarriage may happen, but the most common reason is that the embryo was not viable due to chromosomal reasons, which is most typically by chance and nothing specific you have done during this time. You can find a list of several varying factors from the Cleveland Clinic. If after multiple miscarriages, a medical workup will be order to find out more. 

Signs and Symptoms of Miscarriage

Please keep in mind that spotting/bleeding during the first trimester does not automatically mean you are having a miscarriage. Up to a quarter of women experience bleeding or spotting within the first 12 weeks of pregnancyIf you suspect any sort of change or abnormality, contact your healthcare provider immediately. 

Here are some things to keep in mind:

  • spotting or bleeding – you’ll want to note the color, consistency, and how much. 
  • any pain in the lower abdominal area (think menstrual cramping) or pelvic area. 
  • blood clots.
  • any sort of decrease (or in my case lack of) of pregnancy symptoms – breast tenderness, morning sickness, etc…

My story: After I started spotting (which happened after an ultrasound at 6 weeks), I monitored it every time I went to the bathroom. I’d recommend wearing a pad or liner to be able to see the color/amount of blood. When it was consistent and not stopping, I made an appointment with my midwife (3 days after the ultrasound) to see what was going on. She told me to keep monitoring it and we scheduled an appointment for the following week. I did not make it to that appointment as I started heavily bleeding 5 days after (to a point where I was bleeding through a heavy pad in less than an hour, it was more like 20 minutes). 

Verification of Miscarriage

You will be given an ultrasound to verify the state of the uterus. This will allow the midwife to see if the pregnancy as stopped and there is signs of tissue or if the tissue has completely evacuated. 

If the miscarriage has already happened and your body has expelled (you will know it has passed because it is like a large clot) the embryonic tissue, the blood flow will eventually slow down. If the doctor does not see any evidence of an embryo, no further treatment will be required.

If there is still evidence of the embryo during the ultrasound, your doctor will suggest one of two things:

  • propose to wait for it to pass naturally (within  a certain time-frame).
    • If you decide to take this path, it can typically take up to 2 weeks. You’ll schedule an appointment to follow up to see how things have progressed. 
    • If in that time frame where you notice the bleeding picks up, the abdominal pain becomes more persistent or you have a fever, you’ll want to call your midwife immediately.
  • prescribe a medical treatment if you do not wish to wait for it to pass.
  • Surgical intervention (aspiration) is a last option. 

My story: At this point, I went to the closest emergency room, who then directed me to a hospital, Hôpital Cochin, that specializes in obstetrics and gynecology. Once at the hospital, I was seen by the ER doctor where they did a pelvic scan to see what was going on. The doctor agreed that I was indeed experiencing a miscarriage and that there was some tissue and the gestational sac still left in my uterus and that the miscarriage was incomplete. He told me to go home and wait for the rest to pass and I was to schedule a follow-up appointment with my doctor 10 days later. 

By the time I had the follow-up appointment with one of the midwives at my doctor’s office a week later, the bleeding had slowed down significantly. During this appointment, she did an ultrasound to verify how things were progressing. She did see there was some tissue still left and recommended that I take medication to help with finish the miscarriage. She prescribed medication that would cause my uterus to go into contractions to help expel whatever tissue was left in my uterus. 

What Happens Next

Depending on where you are at in the miscarriage will depend on what your doctor or midwife recommends. Here is a breakdown of the 3 options:

Passing naturally

If you decide that you would like to pass the rest naturally, be prepared that it typically takes a couple days up to 2 weeks. You’ll need to schedule an appointment to follow up to see how things have come along.

  • If in this timeframe between when you notice the bleeding picks up, there’s any abdominal pain that becomes more persistent or a fever presents, you’ll want to reach out your health care provider. 

At your follow-up appointment, your healthcare provider will check to see how you are progressing. If they see that there is no progress, you will be then given medication to facilitate the rest of the miscarriage. 

Passing medically

If you are directed to this route (or you have chosen it), you’ll be given medication that will cause the uterus to have contractions. The following is what you might experience once you’ve taken the medication:

  • Abdominal cramps, more along the lines of cramping during a menstrual cycyle, but more intense.
  • Bleeding. 
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Diarrhea.
  • Fever and/or chills.

If you do not see any changes 24 hours after you’ve taken the medication, you’ll need to contact your healthcare provider. If you continue to have any pelvic/abdominal pain and/or bleeding you’ll also want to contact your healthcare provider. 

My story: After taking the medication to kickstart contractions, I did not notice really any change, no cramping, or any other side effects after I took the medication. I ended up going back to the emergency department for an ultrasound to see if there was anything left. They still found some tissues and ended up referring me for a aspriation (D&C). I was scheduled to meet with the anesthesiologist to talk about going under for the aspiration

Surgical treatment

In France, having a D&C (dilation and curettage) or un aspiration endo-utérine, is typically suggested as a last step in the process if the other options did not work. How a D&C works in France is that it is considered an outpatient procedure (en ambulatoire), which takes place during a half-day. It happens in an operating room with either local or general anesthesia administered. The process is performed by a gynecological surgeon and a team of nurses.

Typically what happens is that the surgeon will use a product that will dilate the uterus so the uterine cavity can be best accessed to remove any and all remaining tissues. When the surgeon is finished, recovery starts and it takes place in a room where you are monitored by a nurse. When you wake up, you’ll eventually be asked if you can stand up and this is to test how you are doing coming out of anesthesia. When you have been given the go signal, you”ll be led to a changing room where you can put your clothes back on, and then to a waiting area where you’ll have a small snack and still monitored before being fully released. 

My story: After my last visit to the ER and the appointment with the anesthesiologist, I was booked for a D&C two days later. I was given specific instructions on what to do starting 24 hours before the procedure. I was to take a shower using Betadine rouge moussante the night before and using the whole bottle, wash from head to toe literally. I also had to do this the morning of before leaving for the hospital. I had to remove any and all nail polish as well as my piercings. I needed to be à jeun (fasting) since midnight the night before the operation as well as take an antigenic test the day before. I was given prescriptions for all of these tests and items needed. 

I was scheduled to be check-in to the hospital for 10:30 AM and would then be discharged in the afternoon. I waited for about 20 minutes before I was called to the counter to check in with the nurse on site. They verified all my information and then asked if Thomas would be coming back to pick me up. He was told that he did not have to wait and that they would contact him when I came out of surgery and came to after the anesthesia. 

I was taken back to a changing room and told to put on a specific set of dressing down, socks, and underwear. I was then taken to a bed where the anesthetist came and introduced himself. He was a lovely fellow and ended up talking about Lord of the Rings because of my tattoos. It honestly could not have gone any better. I was then rolled into the operating room where I met the team that would be working on me that day. I remember them going over who was doing what and how the process would flow. I remember them hooking something up to the port in my arm and then putting a mask over my nose and asking me to count backwards from 100. The next thing I know is that I am waking up in the recovery room with a very dry and sore throat and being thirsty. 

A nurse came to check on me a handful of times, I ended up asking for an extra blanket because I was cold, but I slipped in and out of sleeping. I honestly had no idea what time it was or how much time had passed. The nurse came back one last time and asked me if I could sit up on the side of the bed and take a few steps. I was able to do this slowly and she said that I could then go change and head to the waiting room and wait for the person who was picking me up to come while I ate some biscuits and drank some tea and juice. Thomas eventually showed up and I was given the green light to leave. 

On the road to recovery

Once you have successfully passed everything or gone through a medical procedure, you will most likely be given an arrêt de travail, if you are not and you feel like you need one, do not hesitate to ask your healthcare provider. I was told that I did not need a follow-up appointment after the medical D&C, unless I presented signs that it was necessary. 

You’ll need to wait a minimum of 2 weeks before you should be sexually active again. This give your uterus time to heal. 

It is not recommended to use tampons after a miscarriage for at least 2 weeks.

If at any time you experience vaginal bleeding (heavy), onset fever, chills, or abdominal cramps, you should contact your healthcare provider ASAP. 

Do not hesitate to reach out to your doctor or midwife if you are struggling in any way, shape, or form. With new legislation (that went into effect in 2024, so I just missed these benefits) there are special benefits that have been put into place for women who have experience a miscarriage in France. You can read the law that was put into place in July 2023 by President Macron (this is in French, will need a translator for it). 

Going through a miscarriage is not easy, it was like a punch in the gut when my doctor said there was no cardiac activity. I tried not to immediately loose it, but all I wanted to do was cry. I wasn’t really happy with the whole process afterwards, I felt like it had been strung along from when I first went to the ER to when I finally had the D&C, a lot of that could have been skipped. Here’s a timeline of dates for my miscarriage:

  • Friday, 17 February 2023 – ultrasound at 6-6.5 weeks, no cardiac activity detected.
  • Monday, 20 February 2023 – booked appointment with midwife due to consistent spotting since appointment on Friday. Given prescription to get beta HCG tested every 48 hours till appointment on Friday. 
  • Tuesday, 21 February 2023 – beta HCG test 2856 UI/L
  • Thursday, 23 February 2023 – beta HCG test 2673 UI/L
  • Friday, 25 February 2023 – started bleeding abundantly and went to ER at Hôpital Dieu. Was sent to ER at Hôpital Cochin for the OBGYN department.
  • Monday, 27 February 2023 – passed what I believe was the gestational sac. 
  • Friday, 3 March 2023 – follow up from the ER with my midwife, ultrasound, decision to go through with medical-induced abortion. 
  • Sunday, 5 March 2023 – took the medicine to start contractions. Did not feel any effects. 
  • Tuesday, 14 March 2023 – follow up with midwife at doctor’s office. Midwife recommended I return to Cochin the following day to see about a D&C. 
  • Wednesday, 15 March 2023 – Return to Cochin where the ER doctor sets up for a D&C based on what my midwife said and there still being tissue leftover in my uterus. 
  • Friday, 17 March 2023 – outpatient D&C at Cochin. 

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